6DD1600-0AC0

6DD1600-0AC0

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6DD1600-0AC0

摘要：基于ARM9系列的S3C2410處理器，結合嵌入式linux操作系統(tǒng)，完成硬件驅動程序和模糊自整定PID控制算法的設計，實現(xiàn)全自動生化分析儀反應池溫度的高精度控制。運行結果表明，所設計的控制系統(tǒng)具有響應快，穩(wěn)定性、實時性好等優(yōu)點。實現(xiàn)了一種應用于全自動生化分析儀的高精度溫度控制系統(tǒng)。

1 引言
ARM9越來越廣泛的應用于各種生物電子儀器中，全自動生化分析儀是一個典型的應用。生化分析儀檢測分析過程中溫度對檢測結果具有很大的影響，被檢樣品和試劑只有在的溫度下檢測才能保證生化檢驗結果的可靠性。生化分析儀的溫控系統(tǒng)往往具有非線性、時滯性等特點，應用常規(guī)PID控制達不到理想的效果。本系統(tǒng)以ARM9處理器作為控制系統(tǒng)核心，實現(xiàn)模糊自整定PID控制算法。經(jīng)測試，該系統(tǒng)精度高，穩(wěn)定性好，響應快，反應盤控溫于現(xiàn)行的標準檢測溫度37℃，控溫精度為土0.1℃，顯示精度為±0．01℃，*臨床使用要求。

2 系統(tǒng)總體設計及主要硬件實現(xiàn)

2.1 系統(tǒng)總體設計

系統(tǒng)結構如圖1所示。系統(tǒng)主要由測溫器件、ARM控制器及顯示變送單元三部分組成。ARM控制器采用三星公司的S3C2410A。測溫器件負責溫度的采集，在本系統(tǒng)由DS1 8B20溫度傳感器構成。整個系統(tǒng)工作過程是先由鍵盤設定溫度值，ARM 控制器控制溫度傳感器采集溫度信號，經(jīng)過模糊PID 控制模塊運算，輸出PwM 波控制功率驅動模塊，實現(xiàn)對溫度的加熱和制冷控制，同時通過LCD顯示溫度。

2．2 控制器S3C2410

S3C2410A是由Samsung Electronics Co．，Ltd為手持設備設計的低功耗、高度集成的，基于ARM920T內核16／32RISC嵌入式處理器，運行頻率可達203MHz， 獨立的16k指令和16kB數(shù)據(jù)的緩存(Cache)，虛擬內存管理的MMU單元，LCD控制器(STN&TFT)，非線性(NAND)FLASH的引導單元系統(tǒng)管理器(包括片選邏輯控制和SDRAM控制器)，3通道的異步串口(UART)，輸入輸出端口，實時時鐘單元(RTC)，帶有觸摸屏接口的8個通道10bitADC，IIC總線接口，IIS總線接口，USB的主機(host)元，USB的設備(Device)接口，2個通道的SPI接口和鎖相環(huán)(PLL)時鐘發(fā)生單元。
本系統(tǒng)設計采用32位RISC嵌入式處理器工作模式，采用NAND FLASH啟動方式。NAND FLASH存儲器擴展選擇三星電子公司生產(chǎn)的K9F1208，單片容量為64MX 8bit(64M字節(jié))，工作電壓2．7～3．6V，8位數(shù)據(jù)寬度，帶有硬件數(shù)據(jù)保護功能，支持上電自動引導功能。系統(tǒng)中SDRAM 選用HY57V561620T，單片存儲容量為4組x4Mxl6位(32M字節(jié))，工作電壓為(3．3±0．3)V，16位數(shù)據(jù)寬度。根據(jù)系統(tǒng)需要和充分發(fā)揮32位CPU的數(shù)據(jù)處理能力，本系統(tǒng)選用兩片HY57V561620T并聯(lián)構建32位SDRAM存儲器系統(tǒng)，共64MB的SDRAM空間，可滿足嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)及各種相對復雜的功能運行要求。

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